覆盖 1.5–6 bar 压差、法兰 6″–28″（DN150–DN700）的高压差旋转气锁阀与粉体旋转供料器。适配正压/负压气力输送，支持耐磨硬化、陶瓷衬里、夹套伴热、氮气轴气封与防爆（Ex d / ATEX）定制 ——面向设计院、粉体工程公司与采购客户。High-differential rotary airlock valves and powder rotary feeders covering 1.5–6 bar differential and 6"–28" (DN150–DN700) flanges. Suitable for positive- and negative-pressure pneumatic conveying, with wear hardening, ceramic linings, jacketed heating, nitrogen air purge and explosion protection (Ex d / ATEX) available — for design institutes, powder-handling engineering companies and procurement teams.
高压差工况下的定量供料与气锁隔离设备，1.5–6 bar 压差全覆盖，法兰 6″–28″（DN150–DN700）。A metering and airlock device for high-differential duty: full coverage of 1.5–6 bar differential, flange sizes 6"–28" (DN150–DN700).
高压旋转阀（High-Pressure Rotary Valve），在工程上也叫高压旋转气锁阀、高压旋转供料器，是安装在料仓（或料斗）与气力输送管道之间、依靠旋转叶轮在承压管道与常压料仓之间建立动态压力隔离的容积式供料设备。它在系统中同时完成三件事：把物料定量喂入输送管道、阻止管道内压缩空气反窜入料仓、在阀前后持续压差下维持稳定锁气。A high-pressure rotary valve (High-Pressure Rotary Valve), also called a high-pressure rotary airlock valve, or high-pressure rotary feeder, is a volumetric feeding device installed between a silo (or hopper) and a pneumatic conveying line. Its rotating rotor maintains a dynamic pressure seal between the pressurised line and the atmospheric silo, doing three jobs at once: metering material into the line, preventing compressed air from blowing back into the silo, and holding a stable air seal across a continuous differential.
当系统压差达到 1.5 bar 以上——密相输送常见 1.5～3.5 bar，高压密相与长距离输送可达 5～6 bar——普通直落式旋转阀的间隙漏气量、结构刚度和轴端密封都不足以支撑锁气要求，必须改用高压系列：叶片间隙收窄至 0.05～0.10 mm 并可调，侧盖内布置多重组合密封，轴承完全外置与物料隔离，同时强制配置排气口（Vent Port）。Once the system differential reaches 1.5 bar or more — 1.5–3.5 bar is common in dense phase, and 5–6 bar for high-pressure dense phase and long-distance systems — an ordinary drop-through rotary valve can no longer hold the seal: tip leakage, structural stiffness and shaft-end sealing are all inadequate. A high-pressure series valve is required, with tip clearance tightened to an adjustable 0.05–0.10 mm, several sealing stages inside the end cover, bearings fully outboard and isolated from the product, and a mandatory vent port.
在工程图纸、设备清单和招投标文件中，同一台设备常出现多种叫法。名称来源于不同行业习惯与命名视角，但指向的是同一类容积式旋转供料设备。采购与选型时先对齐叫法，再回到压差等级、叶片间隙、漏气量三个硬指标，可避免“名称对得上、参数对不上”的返工。Drawings, equipment lists and tender documents often use several names for the same machine. The names come from different industry habits and viewpoints, but all refer to the same class of volumetric rotary feeder. When purchasing or specifying, align on the name first, then return to the three hard parameters — differential rating, tip clearance and leakage rate — to avoid rework caused by matching names but mismatched specifications.
| 常见叫法Common Name | 常见使用场景Typical Usage | 命名视角与说明Why It Is Used |
|---|---|---|
| 高压旋转阀 / 高压旋转气锁阀High-pressure rotary valve / rotary airlock valve | 设计院图纸、工艺包、技术协议Design institute drawings, process packages, technical agreements | 强调压力隔离（airlock）功能，是高压工况的规范叫法Emphasises the airlock function; the standard term for high-pressure duty |
| 粉体旋转供料器 / 旋转给料器Powder rotary feeder / rotary feeder | 粉体工程、设备清单、成套报价Powder engineering, equipment lists, package quotations | 强调连续定量供料能力Emphasises continuous metered feeding |
| 高压星型卸料阀High-pressure rotary star discharge valve | 通用工业、轻工、除尘系统General industry, light industry, dust collection | 按叶轮外形（星型）命名，多见于低压卸料场合Named after the star-shaped rotor; common for low-pressure discharge |
| 高压叶轮给料机High-pressure rotary impeller feeder | 招标文件、采购询价Tender documents, procurement enquiries | 强调叶轮式结构，常与给料机类设备并列Emphasises the impeller construction; often listed alongside feeder equipment |
| 回转阀 / 转动下料阀Rotary valve / rotary discharge valve | 老图纸、食品与饲料行业Legacy drawings, food and feed industry | 历史沿用的通俗叫法A historic, colloquial name still in use |
| Rotary Valve / Rotary Airlock Valve / Rotary Feeder | 进口设备、英文图纸与样本Imported equipment, English drawings and catalogues | 等品牌样本中的标准英文名The standard English name used in imported rotary valve catalogues |
高压锁气不是靠“堵”，而是靠“气”——叶轮几何 + 多重轴端密封 + 轴气封 + 排气口构成的组合结构。High-pressure sealing is not achieved by blocking but by air — a combination of rotor geometry, multiple shaft-end seals, air purge and a vent port.
高压旋转阀由壳体、转子（叶轮）、侧盖、传动与轴密封系统四部分构成。与低压阀的核心结构差异，在转子轴两端的密封布置：低压阀用填料加迷宫即可，高压阀必须在侧盖内布置一个独立的高压密封腔，并沿轴向串接多道密封。A high-pressure rotary valve comprises four parts: housing, rotor (impeller), end covers, and drive and shaft sealing. The key difference from a low-pressure valve lies at the two rotor shaft ends: a low-pressure valve needs only packing plus a labyrinth, whereas a high-pressure valve must have a dedicated high-pressure seal chamber inside the end cover, with several sealing stages in series along the shaft.
高压差下细粉会沿转轴向外渗透，靠单一的接触式密封必然快速磨损。工程上的做法是把“堵”改成“挡 + 排”：用一股持续的洁净气在密封副前面形成气幕挡粉，再用排气口把携气排走，密封件只承担残余压差，寿命因此显著延长。这套设计由三个部件构成。At high differential, fine powder migrates outward along the shaft, and a single contact seal will inevitably wear quickly. Standard practice is to replace "blocking" with "barrier + purge": a continuous flow of clean air forms an air curtain in front of the sealing faces to keep powder out, while a vent port carries the carried-over gas away. The seal then only sees the residual differential, which greatly extends its life. Three components make up this design.
| 密封/辅助部件Sealing / auxiliary component | 作用 | 关键控制点Key control point |
|---|---|---|
| 机械密封 / 盘根密封Mechanical seal / gland packing | 承担残余压差，阻止气体与细粉沿轴外泄Takes the residual differential and stops gas and fine powder escaping along the shaft | 盘根切口 45°、逐圈压入；属设计预留的定期更换件Packing cut at 45°, fitted ring by ring; a scheduled replacement part by design |
| 油封 + 迷宫密封Oil seal + labyrinth seal | 进一步降压与隔断粉尘通道，保护轴承Further pressure reduction and dust-path isolation to protect the bearings | 与轴气封配合形成多级压降Works with the air purge to create multi-stage pressure let-down |
| 轴气封（Air Purge） | 在密封副前形成气幕挡粉Air curtain in front of the sealing faces keeps powder out | 压力略高于腔内压力，气源须洁净干燥Pressure slightly above chamber pressure; supply must be clean and dry |
| 排气口（Vent Port） | 释放格腔携气，保证填充率与料仓压力稳定Releases carried-over gas to keep filling efficiency and silo pressure stable | 必须配置；接回料仓或独立过滤器/消音器Mandatory; vent back to the silo or a dedicated filter/silencer |
| 吹扫气接口Purge air connection | 在线清理易粘附物料，免拆阀Cleans sticky materials online; no valve dismantling | 针对粉煤灰、水泥等粘附性粉料选配Optional for sticky powders such as fly ash and cement |
正压锁气不漏风、耐磨材质扛磨蚀——这两点决定了系统投产后能不能达到设计输送量。Leak-tight airlock duty and wear-resistant materials that survive abrasion — these two decide whether the system reaches its design throughput after start-up.
旋转阀在正压系统里承担的是气锁（airlock）功能：必须把承压管道与常压料仓隔开，同时把物料连续送入管道。这意味着两件事同时发生——物料通过格腔向下供料，高压气体则沿转子与壳体的间隙、以及格腔回流通道向上泄漏。第二条被忽略的结果，就是风机的选型风量被低估。In a positive-pressure system the rotary valve acts as an airlock: it must separate the pressurised line from the atmospheric silo while feeding material continuously into the line. Two things happen at once — material is fed down through the pockets, while high-pressure gas leaks upward through the rotor-to-housing clearance and the pocket return passage. Ignoring the second effect is how fan capacity gets undersized.
C_d 为流量系数（经验取 0.6～0.8），A_gap 为有效泄漏间隙面积，ΔP 为阀前后压差，ρ_gas 为气体密度。从这个简化式可以读出三条对选型有直接影响的结论：C_d is the discharge coefficient (0.6–0.8 in practice), A_gap the effective leakage clearance area, ΔP the differential across the valve and ρ_gas the gas density. Three conclusions that directly affect selection follow from this simplified expression:
| 阀规格 | 压差 | 叶片间隙Tip clearance | 估算漏气量Estimated leakage | 占风机风量比例Share of fan flow |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DN200 | 1.5 bar | 0.10 mm | 约 90～140 m³/h | 8%～12% |
| DN200 | 3.5 bar | 0.10 mm | 约 140～215 m³/h | 12%～18% |
| DN300 | 3.5 bar | 0.10 mm | 约 210～320 m³/h | 15%～22% |
| DN300 | 3.5 bar | 0.25 mm | 约 520～800 m³/h | 35%～50% |
上表为量级参考，实际值受转子结构（有无回风通道）、密封型式、气体温度影响显著，须按具体型号复算。The table above is an order-of-magnitude reference; actual values depend strongly on rotor design (with or without return passage), seal type and gas temperature, and must be recalculated for the specific model.
催化剂、氧化铝、PTA 粉料、碳酸钙与滑石粉等物料对转子外缘和壳体流道的磨蚀是持续性的，磨损直接表现为间隙扩大、漏气量上升、输送量衰减。耐磨方案不止是“换个硬材料”，而是一组组合措施。Catalyst, alumina, PTA powder, calcium carbonate and talc abrade the rotor rim and housing passages continuously; wear shows up as growing clearance, rising leakage and falling throughput. A wear-resistant solution is not simply "a harder material" but a set of combined measures.
1.5～6 bar 分级额定压差，可调间隙 + 双唇轴封 + 轴气封组合，把间隙漏分量控制在可核算、可复现的范围内。Graded rated differential from 1.5 to 6 bar; adjustable clearance + double-lip shaft seal + air purge keep clearance leakage calculable and repeatable.
6″～28″（DN150–DN700）全覆盖，大口径配低速运行兼顾产能与寿命，单机可达约 200 t/h。Full coverage from 6" to 28" (DN150–DN700); large sizes with low-speed operation balance capacity and life, up to about 200 t/h per unit.
转子碳化钨堆焊、壳体陶瓷衬板、可选双相钢基体，配合 3 个月间隙检测周期，把磨损变成可管理的维护项。Tungsten-carbide hard-facing on the rotor, ceramic housing liners, optional duplex-steel base material, and a 3-month clearance check turn wear into a manageable maintenance item.
先定压差，再算漏气量，然后才定口径——顺序颠倒会导致“大阀小密封”或“小阀高压差”的错误组合。Set the differential first, then calculate leakage, and only then fix the size — reversing the order leads to wrong combinations such as "big valve, small seal" or "small valve, high differential".
压差直接决定密封结构与间隙要求，是所有选型参数的起点。工程上的选型红线是：系统工作压差须控制在阀额定压差的 80% 以内。按此推算，3.5 bar 系统宜选 4.0～4.5 bar 额定级阀型；若选用 3.5 bar 额定阀，必须严格核算高压差下的启动扭矩（可达常压工况的 3～5 倍），并配置泄压旁通与变频软启动。The differential directly determines the sealing arrangement and clearance requirements; it is the starting point for every selection parameter. The engineering red line is: system working differential must stay within 80% of the valve's rated differential. By that rule, a 3.5 bar system should use a 4.0–4.5 bar rated valve; if a 3.5 bar rated valve is used, the starting torque at high differential (up to 3–5 times the atmospheric-duty value) must be verified, with pressure-relief bypass and VFD soft start.
| 压差区间Differential range | 阀型定位Valve type | 密封结构建议Recommended sealing | 叶片间隙建议Recommended tip clearance |
|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 1.5 bar | 中低压（贯通型 / 标准型）Low–medium (through-bore / standard) | 普通填料密封 + 迷宫密封Standard packing + labyrinth seal | 0.10～0.15 mm |
| 1.5～3.5 bar | 高压（底吹式 / 防卡料型）High pressure (bottom-blow / anti-jam) | 可调间隙密封 + 双唇轴封 + 轴气封Adjustable clearance seal + double-lip shaft seal + air purge | 0.05～0.10 mm |
| ≥ 3.5 bar | 高压差极限工况Extreme high-differential duty | 可调间隙 + 端面机械密封Adjustable clearance + face mechanical seal | ≤ 0.05 mm，需耐磨处理≤ 0.05 mm, wear protection required |
上海科全 3.5 bar 高压旋转阀（标准型）的口径范围为 ND150～ND500（对应英制 6″～20″，含 ND150 / ND200 / ND250 / ND300 / ND350 / ND400 / ND500 七档），工作压力 3.5 bar，输送能力约 50～100 t/h（视口径、转速与物料工况而定）；法兰按 DIN PN10 或 ANSI 150 lbs 钻孔，适用于高压气力输送、密相输送发送器与高背压卸料。若需更大口径与产能，可选 3.5 bar 高压底吹式旋转阀（ND300～ND700）。Shanghai Conque's 3.5 bar high-pressure rotary valve (standard type) covers bores ND150–ND500 (6″–20″; seven steps ND150/200/250/300/350/400/500) at 3.5 bar working pressure, with a conveying capacity of about 50–100 t/h depending on bore, rotor speed and material; flanges are drilled to DIN PN10 or ANSI 150 lbs. For larger bores and higher capacity choose the 3.5 bar bottom-blow type (ND300–ND700).
| 3.5 bar 阀型3.5 bar type | 口径范围Bore range | 英制Imperial | 工作压力Working pressure | 输送能力Capacity | 典型工况Typical duty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 高压旋转阀（标准型）High-pressure rotary valve (standard) | ND150～ND500 | 6″～20″ | 3.5 bar | 约 50～100 t/hAbout 50–100 t/h | 高压气力输送、密相发送器、高背压卸料High-pressure conveying, dense-phase feeder, high-back-pressure discharge |
| 高压底吹式旋转阀High-pressure blow-through rotary valve | ND300～ND700 | 12″～28″ | 3.5 bar | 随口径与转速提高Higher with bore and rotor speed | 长距离密相、大产能输送Long-distance dense phase, high capacity |
口径不能只看“输送能力 200 t/h”这类样本上限值，而应由目标输送量反算所需理论体积流量后再确定。旋转阀的容积能力按下式计算：Do not size from catalogue maxima such as "capacity 200 t/h"; work back from the target throughput to the required theoretical volumetric flow. Rotary valve volumetric capacity is:
V_rotor 为转子单格容积（m³/r），n 为转速（r/min，常规 20～60），η_v 为容积效率。理论质量输送量再乘以填充率与物料堆积密度：V_rotor is the rotor pocket volume (m³/r), n the speed (r/min, typically 20–60) and η_v the volumetric efficiency. Theoretical mass throughput then follows from filling factor and bulk density:
算例：某型号样本给出理论体积流量 V_th = 40 m³/h，物料为 PE 颗粒（堆积密度约 560 kg/m³），填充率取 45%，则 Q ≈ 40 × 0.45 × 0.56 ≈ 10.1 t/h。反算时须以厂家样本的 V_rotor 为准，不能用口径直接估算。Example: a catalogue gives V_th = 40 m³/h for a model; with PE pellets (bulk density about 560 kg/m³) and a 45% filling factor, Q ≈ 40 × 0.45 × 0.56 ≈ 10.1 t/h. Back-calculation must use the manufacturer's V_rotor, not an estimate from nominal size.
物料堆积密度与粒径分布、目标输送量（区分平均/峰值）、水平+垂直距离与弯头数、可用气源压力与设计压差Bulk density and particle size distribution, target throughput (average/peak), horizontal + vertical distance and number of elbows, available air supply pressure and design differential
按 ΔP 锁定压差等级、密封结构与叶片间隙，并校核启动扭矩与温域Lock the differential rating, sealing arrangement and tip clearance from ΔP, and verify starting torque and temperature range
由 Q 与 ρ_b 求 V_req，乘裕量系数得 V_design，选定型号并反算 φ 是否落在 30%～60%Derive V_req from Q and ρ_b, multiply by the margin factor to get V_design, select the model and check that φ falls between 30% and 60%
按阀逐台估算并累加，风机风量 = 输送风量 + 漏气量合计 + 10% 裕量Estimate and sum per valve; fan flow = conveying air + total leakage + 10% margin
确认风量被漏气“吃掉”后，管道起始风速仍高于物料临界悬浮速度Confirm that, after leakage has taken its share of the flow, pipeline pick-up velocity is still above the material's critical suspension velocity
PE 粒料密相输送，目标 45 t/h，水平 180 m + 垂直 24 m、9 个弯头，设计压差 3.5 bar。选高压差旋转阀，可调间隙密封 + 双唇轴封，叶片间隙按 0.08 mm 控制；由 ρ_b ≈ 560 kg/m³ 反算并考虑裕量后选定 DN300 高压机型，系统配 2 台阀并逐台累加漏气量。投产后实测输送量达到设计值的 100%～105%，未出现低速沉积堵管。PE pellets in dense phase, target 45 t/h, 180 m horizontal + 24 m vertical with 9 elbows, design differential 3.5 bar. A high-differential rotary valve was selected with adjustable-clearance sealing and double-lip shaft seals, tip clearance controlled at 0.08 mm; back-calculation from ρ_b ≈ 560 kg/m³ with margin led to a DN300 high-pressure model, with two valves and leakage summed per unit. Measured throughput after start-up reached 100%–105% of design, with no low-velocity deposition or blockage.
某石化粉料系统 4 台 DN200 旋转阀向一条主管供料，投产后输送量仅达设计值 68%，料仓顶压力偏高。排查发现设计阶段按单阀 10% 估算，实际累计漏气量占风机风量约 41%。将叶片间隙由 0.25 mm 调整为 0.10 mm 并为其中 2 台增加回风通道后，输送量恢复至设计值的 96%。Four DN200 rotary valves fed one main line in a petrochemical powder system; after start-up throughput reached only 68% of design and silo-top pressure was high. Investigation showed the design had assumed 10% for a single valve, while actual cumulative leakage was about 41% of fan flow. Tip clearance was reset from 0.25 mm to 0.10 mm and a return passage was added to two of the valves, restoring throughput to 96% of design.
压差定等级之后，第二个决定型号的是物料粒径：粉料（≤ 0.3 mm）与粒料（1～6 mm）在同一个压差下要选不同的阀型与转子结构。把两个变量交叉，得到下面这张决策表——先看压差在哪一行，再看物料在哪一列，型号族即可锁定。Once the rating is set from the differential, particle size decides the model: powders (≤ 0.3 mm) and pellets (1–6 mm) call for different valve types and rotor geometry at the same differential. Crossing the two variables gives the matrix below — locate the differential row, then the material column, and the model family is fixed.
| 系统 / 压差System / differential | 粉料（≤ 0.3 mm）Powder (≤ 0.3 mm) | 粒料（1～6 mm）Pellets (1–6 mm) | 典型工况Typical duty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 非承压Non-pressure | ZRD / ZKD | ZVB / ZVD / ZRD | 常压卸料、计量供料Atmospheric discharge, metering feed |
| ≤ 1.5 bar(g) | ZXD / ZRD / ZKD | ZVB / ZVD / ZRD | 正压稀相、密相喂料Positive-pressure dilute phase, dense-phase feed |
| ≤ 3.5 bar(g) | ZXQ / ZAQ | ZVH | 高压密相、高压差锁气High-pressure dense phase, high-differential airlock |
读表三个要点：① 粒料列中 ZVD 是 1～6 mm 粒料的常压与低压卸料阀，DN 与格腔容积按输送量反算，不要用粉料阀型顶替粒料工况；② 压差跨到 3.5 bar(g) 这一档，粉料与粒料同时换型（ZXQ / ZAQ、ZVH），密封与间隙一并换档；③ ZRD 同时出现在粉料列与粒料列，属两者通用的重力式与标准型通道。Three reading notes: (1) in the pellet column ZVD is the atmospheric and low-pressure discharge valve for 1–6 mm pellets, with DN and pocket volume back-calculated from throughput — a powder valve type should not be substituted for pellet duty; (2) once the differential reaches 3.5 bar(g), both powder and pellet columns change type (ZXQ / ZAQ, ZVH), with sealing and clearance moving together; (3) ZRD appears in both the powder and pellet columns as the shared gravity / standard type.
| #No. | 校核项Check item | 判据Criterion |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 间隙分档与热态补偿Clearance tier and hot-state compensation | ≤ 1.5 bar(g) 取 0.10～0.30 mm；1.5～6 bar(g) 取 0.05～0.10 mm 且可调；≥ 3.5 bar(g) 极限 ≤ 0.05 mm 并做耐磨处理0.10–0.30 mm up to 1.5 bar(g); 0.05–0.10 mm adjustable from 1.5 to 6 bar(g); ≤ 0.05 mm at 3.5 bar(g) and above, with wear protection |
| 2 | 轴端密封组合Shaft-end sealing arrangement | ≤ 1.5 bar(g) 为填料 + 迷宫；高压档为机械密封 / 盘根 + 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封组合Packing plus labyrinth up to 1.5 bar(g); mechanical seal or braided packing plus oil seal, labyrinth and air purge in the high-pressure tier |
| 3 | 格数与转速匹配Pocket count and speed matching | 密相 20～40 r/min；由格腔容积 × 格数 × 转速反算输送量，填充率控制在 30%～60%20–40 r/min in dense phase; throughput from pocket volume × pocket count × speed, with filling factor kept between 30% and 60% |
| 4 | 防切料入口几何Anti-shear inlet geometry | 粒料满料柱工况配防切料入口与可调剪切间隙，避免叶片剪碎粒料与转子卡滞For pellet duty with a full material column, use an anti-shear inlet with adjustable shear clearance to avoid pellet breakage and rotor jamming |
| 5 | 额定压差余量Rated differential margin | 工作压差 ≤ 额定压差的 80%；3.5 bar(g) 系统宜选 4.0～4.5 bar(g) 额定级Working differential within 80% of rated; a 3.5 bar(g) system is best served by a 4.0–4.5 bar(g) rated class |
同一个现场征兆可能对应结构、间隙或工况三类不同的根因。把三者当成一件事修，是修完复发的直接原因。下表把常见征兆拆成四栏：先认现象，再定根因方向与对策，并写明每一步可以留下的核查证据。The same symptom on site can come from the structure, the clearance or the duty itself. Treating all three as one fault is the usual reason a repair does not hold. The table below splits common symptoms into four columns: identify the symptom, fix the likely root cause and the countermeasure, and record the evidence each step should leave behind.
| 现象Symptom | 根因方向Likely root cause | 对策Countermeasure | 核查证据Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 电流上升、转速下降直至停转；拆侧盖见格腔嵌料Rising current, falling speed until stall; material packed in the pockets when the side cover is opened | 入口几何无法让料，或间隙热态归零Inlet geometry cannot pass the material, or clearance closes to zero when hot | 改防切料入口几何；按压差重新分档并做热态间隙校核Move to anti-shear inlet geometry; re-tier the clearance to the differential and verify hot-state margin | 电流与转速趋势记录 + 设计温度下的间隙余量计算Current and speed trend records plus a clearance margin calculation at design temperature |
| 料仓返气、下料口返吹；输送量低于设计值Air blowing back into the silo and at the discharge; throughput below design | 径向间隙偏大，或轴端密封失效Radial clearance too large, or shaft-end seal failed | 复查间隙实测值；高压差改组合密封Re-check the measured clearance; move to a combined seal in high-differential duty | 间隙实测记录 + 压温双修正后的泄漏量Measured clearance records plus leakage corrected for both pressure and temperature |
| 格腔充填不满、计量波动；容积效率下降Pockets not filling, metering fluctuating; volumetric efficiency down | 进料口几何与充填时间不匹配，或转速偏高Inlet geometry mismatched to filling time, or speed too high | 按输送量重算格腔容积与转速匹配Recalculate pocket volume and speed against throughput | 充填率 × 转速与实测给料量的偏差核算Filling factor times speed checked against measured feed rate |
| 轴承温升异常、早期失效；轴承腔进粉或轴向力偏大Abnormal bearing temperature and early failure; powder ingress or excess axial load | 压差轴向力未处理，或轴端吹扫失效Differential-induced axial load not handled, or shaft-end purge failed | 采用贯通型或隔离结构；复查吹扫气源洁净干燥状态Use a through-shaft or isolated arrangement; verify the purge air is clean and dry | 轴承温度趋势 + 吹扫三联件检查记录Bearing temperature trends plus filter-regulator-lubricator inspection records |
| 漏风量随运行时间上升；投运初期正常，数月后上升Leakage rising with operating hours; normal at start-up, higher after a few months | 叶片磨损，运行间隙跨过分档上限Blade wear; running clearance crossed the upper limit of its tier | 耐磨分级方案升级；按压力分档缩短检查周期Upgrade the wear class; shorten the inspection interval to the pressure tier | 定期间隙实测的趋势记录Trending records of periodic clearance measurements |
| 停机后再启动即卡死；常温试车正常，热态卡死Seizure on restart after a stop; fine at ambient test, seized when hot | 热膨胀量预留不足Insufficient allowance for thermal expansion | 采用可调间隙结构，按设计温度上限校核Use an adjustable-clearance design and verify at the design temperature upper limit | 温度与间隙的对应关系表A temperature-to-clearance correlation table |
| 阀本体正常但系统掉量；阀前后压力正常Valve itself is fine but system throughput drops; pressures across the valve are normal | 返气改变了管路输送状态Back-flow air changed the conveying condition in the pipeline | 核算系统固气比与气速Re-check system solids-to-air ratio and gas velocity | 系统压差核算记录System differential pressure calculations |
| 同一部位反复维修；调整间隙后短期复发Repeated repairs at the same location; problems return shortly after clearance adjustment | 问题不在间隙，而在结构或工况口径The cause lies in the structure or the duty definition, not the clearance | 先归现象、再定对策，避免错位处置Classify the symptom first, then decide the countermeasure | 维修记录与工况参数对照Maintenance records set against duty parameters |
行业通行的「转子与壳体间隙 0.1～0.15 mm」只在 1.5 bar(g) 以内成立。背压进入 1.5～6 bar(g) 区间后，间隙必须与壳体材质、设计温度、转子线速度一并校核。参考分档：≤ 1.5 bar(g) 取 0.10～0.30 mm，按物料温度上限预留热膨胀量；1.5～6 bar(g) 取 0.05～0.10 mm，采用可调间隙结构并做热态间隙校核；≥ 3.5 bar(g) 极限 ≤ 0.05 mm，需耐磨处理并核算启动扭矩。The common "0.1–0.15 mm rotor-to-housing clearance" holds only up to 1.5 bar(g). Once back pressure moves into the 1.5–6 bar(g) band, clearance has to be verified together with housing material, design temperature and rotor tip speed. Reference tiers: 0.10–0.30 mm up to 1.5 bar(g) with allowance for thermal expansion at the material temperature upper limit; 0.05–0.10 mm from 1.5 to 6 bar(g) using an adjustable design with hot-state verification; and no more than 0.05 mm at 3.5 bar(g) and above, with wear protection and a start-up torque check.
同一台阀在稀相与密相区域的运行结果不同，通常不在阀体本身，而在密封与间隙是否按该区域重新设计：气速 18～35 m/s 的稀相段可用单道轴封；气速 3～14 m/s、固气比 15～35（仓泵可达 50）的密相段需要轴向密封 + 迷宫环 + 吹扫。维护周期同样按运行压力分档：低压稀相系统的间隙检查周期按 6 个月，密相高压差系统按 3 个月；把低压系统的保养周期套在高压阀上，是故障多发的常见根因。The same valve behaves differently in the dilute and dense phase zones, usually because sealing and clearance were not redesigned for the zone: the dilute phase at 18–35 m/s can use a single shaft seal, while the dense phase at 3–14 m/s and a solids-to-air ratio of 15–35 (up to 50 with a blow tank) needs axial sealing plus a labyrinth ring plus purge. Maintenance intervals follow the pressure tier as well: clearance inspection every 6 months in low-pressure dilute phase and every 3 months in dense-phase high-differential duty. Applying a low-pressure interval to a high-pressure valve is a common root cause of repeat failure.
供应商在介绍效果时常见三类数字：连续无故障天数、年减少停机损失金额、给料误差百分比。这三类都可以核对，关键是问清三要素：口径（压力 / 温度 / 物料）、来源（运行记录 / 试验记录 / 第三方）、判据（合格线本身是什么）。Suppliers commonly quote three kinds of figures: consecutive days without a fault, annual reduction in downtime loss, and feed error percentage. All three can be checked; the key is to ask for three things: the basis (pressure, temperature, material), the source (operating record, test record, third party) and the criterion (what the pass line actually is).
三个问题都不涉及商务条件，问完就能判断这个数字能否作为选型依据。只给结论式数字、不给口径与工况的，按自报处理。None of the three questions touches commercial terms, and asking them is enough to judge whether a figure can support a selection decision. A conclusion-style number without basis or duty is treated as self-reported.
从材质、伴热、气封到防爆认证，按物料特性与现场规范逐项定制，而非套用标准机型。Customised item by item — material, heat tracing, air sealing and explosion-proof certification — to the material characteristics and site regulations, rather than applying a standard model.
化工粉体的难点不在压力，而在“物料会粘、会腐蚀、会吸湿”。PTA 粉料在转子腔内冷凝粘结、沿海厂区的盐雾腐蚀、梅雨季粉料吸湿结块，都会让标准机型在投产后几个月内性能衰减。对应做法是把定制项前移到选型阶段。The difficulty with chemical powders is not pressure but that the material sticks, corrodes and absorbs moisture. PTA powder condensing and bonding in the rotor pockets, salt-spray corrosion at coastal plants and moisture caking in the rainy season all degrade a standard model within months of start-up. The answer is to move these customisations forward into the selection stage.
处理可燃粉尘（PE/PP 粉料、淀粉、面粉、锂电正负极材料等）或处于爆炸性气体环境时，旋转阀本身就是潜在点火源与压力隔离边界，必须按防爆规范整体配置，而不是只换一台防爆电机。When handling combustible dust (PE/PP powder, starch, flour, lithium battery cathode and anode materials) or in explosive atmospheres, the rotary valve itself is both a potential ignition source and a pressure-isolation boundary; the whole installation must follow explosion-protection codes, not just be fitted with an explosion-proof motor.
处理煤粉、石灰粉、玻纤硅粉、滑石粉、高岭土等高磨蚀物料时，普通碳钢旋转阀的寿命往往只有数周。耐磨系列沿「壳体材质升级 + 转子形式优化 + 间隙控制 + 吹扫保护」四条路径延长寿命，并按物料磨蚀性划分四级配置。选型按「物料莫氏硬度 × 系统压差」双轴确定，避免过度配置或配置不足。On highly abrasive materials such as pulverised coal, lime powder, glass-fibre silica powder, talc and kaolin, a standard carbon steel rotary valve often lasts only a few weeks. The wear-resistant series extends service life along four paths - housing material upgrade, rotor type optimisation, clearance control and purge protection - and is graded into four wear classes. Selection follows two axes, material Mohs hardness and system differential pressure, to avoid both over-specification and under-specification.
| 耐磨等级Wear class | 转子配置Rotor configuration | 壳体材质Housing material | 适用磨蚀程度Abrasiveness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | D 型转子 / 碳钢Type D rotor / carbon steel | 铸铁壳体Cast iron housing | 无磨蚀性物料Non-abrasive materials |
| WEARPROTECT 1（WP1） | D 型转子 / 碳钢Type D rotor / carbon steel | 耐磨合金壳体Wear-resistant alloy housing | 中等磨蚀Moderately abrasive |
| WEARPROTECT 2（WP2） | C 型转子 / 碳钢Type C rotor / carbon steel | 耐磨合金壳体Wear-resistant alloy housing | 磨蚀性Abrasive |
| WEARPROTECT 3（WP3） | C 型转子 / 高硬度堆焊Type C rotor / hardfacing overlay | 耐磨合金壳体Wear-resistant alloy housing | 强磨蚀Highly abrasive |
| WEARPROTECT 4（WP4） | C 型转子 / 超硬涂层Type C rotor / ultra-hard coating | 耐磨合金壳体Wear-resistant alloy housing | 极强磨蚀Severely abrasive |
耐磨旋转阀覆盖 GRD150、GRD200、GRD250、GRD320、GRD400、GRD480、GRD550、GRD630 等 6″～24″（ND150-ND600）常规口径，另有 GRD700 与 GPD800 覆盖更大口径，兼顾小型配料与大型气力输送系统。下表为常规口径的外形与重量对照，尺寸单位 mm、重量单位 kg；更大口径需按具体工况单独核算。Wear-resistant rotary valves cover the common 6"-24" (ND150-ND600) bores GRD150, GRD200, GRD250, GRD320, GRD400, GRD480, GRD550 and GRD630, with GRD700 and GPD800 extending the range for larger duties. The table below lists dimensions and weights for the common bores, in mm and kg; larger bores are calculated individually to the duty.
| 型号Model | 口径Bore | 英制Imperial | B1/B2 (DIN) | B1/B2 (ANSI) | B2 | H | M** | C (kg) | SS (kg) | HT(GG) (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GRD150 | ND150 | 6″ | 166 | 166 | 260 | 372 | 235 | 143 | 51 | 51 |
| GRD200 | ND200 | 8″ | 218 | 216 | 340 | 385 | 330 | 170 | 51 | 51 |
| GRD250 | ND250 | 10″ | 274 | 270 | 400 | 420 | 350 | 205 | 78 | 78 |
| GRD320 | ND300 | 12″ | 324 | 320 | 500 | 649 | 420 | 242 | 136 | 136 |
| GRD400 | ND350 | 14″ | 355 | 350 | 600 | 735 | 475 | 270 | 255 | 255 |
| GRD480 | ND400 | 16″ | 412 | 400 | 750 | 820 | 555 | 300 | 492 | 492 |
| GRD550 | ND500 | 20″ | 502 | 480 | 800 | 890 | 605 | 350 | 693 | 693 |
| GRD630 | ND600 | 24″ | 600 | 590 | 900 | 960 | 637 | 408 | 1100 | 1100 |
转子表面硬化或碳化钨堆焊、壳体镶陶瓷衬板、双相钢衬套，适配催化剂、氧化铝、PTA、矿物粉料等磨蚀性物料。Rotor surface hardening or tungsten-carbide hard-facing, ceramic housing liners and duplex-steel sleeves for abrasive materials such as catalyst, alumina, PTA and mineral powders.
硬面堆焊 / 陶瓷衬里Hard-faced / ceramic-linedEx d IIB/IIC T4 / ATEX 配置，防静电等电位接地、氮气惰化、泄爆与阻火配套，适配可燃粉尘与爆炸性气体环境。Ex d IIB/IIC T4 / ATEX configuration with equipotential static bonding, nitrogen inerting, explosion venting and flame arrest, for combustible dust and explosive gas atmospheres.
Ex d / ATEX蒸汽夹套、导热油夹套或电伴热，控温覆盖 −20 ℃～+250 ℃，防止易粘结粉料在转子腔内冷凝板结。Steam jacket, thermal-oil jacket or electric tracing covering −20 °C to +250 °C, preventing sticky powders from condensing and caking in the pockets.
蒸汽 / 导热油 / 电伴热Steam / thermal oil / electric tracing304 / 316L / 双相钢基体，PTFE / ETFE 涂层密封面；食品医药级可选镜面抛光、快拆清洗与无死角流道。304 / 316L / duplex base material with PTFE / ETFE coated sealing faces; mirror polishing, quick-release cleaning and dead-corner-free passages for food and pharmaceutical duty.
316L / 双相钢轴气封（Air Purge）压力配置、Vent Port 排气口与吹扫气接口，气源三联件与干燥方案同步交付。Air purge pressure configuration, vent port and purge-air connection, delivered with the FRL unit and air-drying scheme.
Air Purge / Vent Port6″～28″（DN150–DN700）全覆盖，链条传动或直连型可选，单机可达约 200 t/h，支持非标法兰与用户标准。Full coverage from 6" to 28" (DN150–DN700), chain or direct drive, up to about 200 t/h per unit, with non-standard flanges and customer standards supported.
6″–28″ / 200 t/h从石化聚烯烃到新能源锂电、精细化工与矿物粉料，凡是正压气力输送需要压力隔离的地方，都是高压旋转阀的用武之地。From petrochemical polyolefins to new-energy lithium batteries, fine chemicals and mineral powders — wherever positive-pressure conveying needs pressure isolation, a high-pressure rotary valve belongs.
石化与化工装置是高压旋转阀应用高度集中的领域。PTA 粉料、PE/PP/PVC 颗粒、催化剂、各类精细化工粉体，多采用 1.5～3.5 bar 的密相或中间相输送。这类工况的共同点是：物料价值高、对金属污染零容忍、连续运行时间长，因此对阀体材质、密封可靠性与漏气量核算的要求尤为严苛。Petrochemical and chemical plants are where high-pressure rotary valves concentrate. PTA powder, PE/PP/PVC pellets, catalyst and fine chemical powders are mostly conveyed in dense or strand phase at 1.5–3.5 bar. What these duties share is high material value, zero tolerance of metal contamination and long continuous operation, which makes body material, sealing reliability and leakage accounting especially demanding.
上海科全核心成员参与过 40 万吨/年 PVC、40 万吨/年 LDPE、40 万吨/年 HDPE 等大型聚烯烃装置的气力输送系统设计，在 PTA、PE、PVC 装置的密相输送中有完整的选型与配套经验。Core members of Shanghai Conque have taken part in pneumatic conveying system design for large polyolefin plants including 400,000 t/a PVC, 400,000 t/a LDPE and 400,000 t/a HDPE, with complete selection and supply experience in dense-phase conveying for PTA, PE and PVC plants.
同一物料、同一条管线，选稀相、密相还是中间相（STRANDPHASE），旋转阀的参数选择完全不同。稀相输送固气比 1～8、管内气速 18～30 m/s、系统压差 0.2～0.8 bar，旋转阀压差等级 ≤1.5 bar 即可；密相固气比 15～35（仓泵可达 50）、气速 3～8 m/s、压差 1.5～3.5 bar，旋转阀必须 ≥3.5 bar 且间隙按 0.05～0.10 mm 控制；中间相固气比 8～15、气速 8～15 m/s、压差 0.8～1.8 bar，旋转阀取 1.5～2.5 bar 级。For the same material in the same pipeline, choosing dilute, dense or strand phase (STRANDPHASE) changes the rotary valve parameters completely. Dilute phase: solids ratio 1–8, air velocity 18–30 m/s, system differential 0.2–0.8 bar, so a valve rated ≤1.5 bar is sufficient. Dense phase: solids ratio 15–35 (up to 50 with a blow tank), velocity 3–8 m/s, differential 1.5–3.5 bar, so the valve must be rated ≥3.5 bar with clearance controlled at 0.05–0.10 mm. Strand phase: solids ratio 8–15, velocity 8–15 m/s, differential 0.8–1.8 bar, so a 1.5–2.5 bar valve is used.
选型判断可归纳为三步：易碎颗粒 + 中长距离 → 密相或中间相；流动性好的粉料 + 短距离（≤100 m）→ 稀相；颗粒料需要兼顾低破碎与稳定输送 → 中间相。判定后必须同步复核旋转阀的压差等级与间隙要求是否匹配。Selection can be reduced to three steps: fragile pellets over medium-to-long distance → dense or strand phase; free-flowing powder over a short distance (≤100 m) → dilute phase; pellets needing both low breakage and stable conveying → strand phase. Once decided, always re-check that the valve's differential rating and clearance requirement match.
| 参数项 | 稀相输送Dilute phase | 密相输送Dense phase | 中间相（STRANDPHASE） |
|---|---|---|---|
| 固气比 μ | 1～8 | 15～35（仓泵可达 50）15–35 (up to 50 with a blow tank) | 8～15 |
| 管内气速Air velocity in pipe | 18～30 m/s | 3～8 m/s | 8～15 m/s |
| 系统压差System differential | 0.2～0.8 bar | 1.5～3.5 bar（可更高） | 0.8～1.8 bar |
| 旋转阀压差等级Valve differential rating | ≤1.5 bar 即可 | 必须 ≥3.5 bar | 1.5～2.5 bar |
| 叶片间隙要求Tip clearance requirement | 0.10～0.30 mm | 0.05～0.10 mm，可调 | 0.10～0.15 mm |
| 填充率 φ 建议Recommended filling factor φ | 40%～60% | 30%～50%（防剪切） | 35%～55% |
| 主要失效模式Main failure mode | 漏气占风量比例高High leakage share of fan flow | 剪切破碎 + 密封磨损Shear breakage + seal wear | 管道低速沉积Low-velocity deposition in the pipeline |
PE / PP / PVC 颗粒、PTA 粉料密相输送，3.5 bar 级高压旋转阀，可调间隙密封 + 双唇轴封，叶片间隙按 0.08～0.10 mm 控制。PE / PP / PVC pellets and PTA powder in dense phase, 3.5 bar class high-pressure rotary valves with adjustable-clearance sealing and double-lip shaft seals, tip clearance controlled at 0.08–0.10 mm.
正极、负极粉体输送，防氧化与氮气闭路设计，配防爆与惰化保护，316L 基体避免金属污染。Cathode and anode powder conveying with anti-oxidation and closed-loop nitrogen, explosion protection and inerting, and 316L bodies to avoid metal contamination.
磨蚀性、腐蚀性粉料，转子碳化钨堆焊 + 壳体陶瓷衬里，316L / 双相钢基体，低速运行延长寿命。Abrasive and corrosive powders: tungsten-carbide hard-faced rotor with ceramic housing liners, 316L / duplex bodies and low-speed operation for longer life.
碳酸钙、滑石粉、水泥、粉煤灰等大产能输送，大口径配低速运行，吹扫气接口在线清理粘附物料。Calcium carbonate, talc, cement and fly ash in high-capacity conveying: large sizes at low speed, with a purge-air connection for online cleaning of sticky material.
奶粉、淀粉、原料药等卫生级工况，316L 镜面抛光、快拆清洗、无死角流道，符合洁净生产要求。Milk powder, starch and API materials in hygienic duty: 316L mirror polishing, quick-release cleaning and dead-corner-free passages to meet clean production requirements.
颗粒料低速输送（STRANDPHASE 中间相），低破碎率兼顾稳定输送，配除粉器形成完整颗粒净化链。Low-speed pellet conveying (STRANDPHASE), combining low breakage with stable conveying, plus a deduster to complete the pellet cleaning chain.
本页的选型口径另以三篇技术稿件发表于行业平台，分别覆盖选型决策点、现场故障排查与供应商技术核对点，可作为设计评审、粉体工程成套与采购询价的补充材料。The selection criteria on this page are also published as three companion technical articles on an industry platform, covering selection decision points, field troubleshooting and supplier technical checkpoints - usable as supporting material for design review, powder-handling package design and procurement enquiries.
选型、漏气量、压差等级、定制与维护五类高频问题。Five recurring topics: selection, leakage, differential rating, customisation and maintenance.
上海科全工程技术有限公司（SCE，成立于 2010 年，总部上海松江）专注气力输送系统与散料处理设备，长期从事 替代德国进口旋转阀、换向阀的选型配套、供货与技术服务，同时提供 SCE 自主品牌的旋转阀、换向阀、除粉器、失重秤、除尘器等产品，覆盖石化、化工、矿物、食品等行业的粉粒体输送工程。Shanghai Conque Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. (SCE, founded 2010, based in Songjiang, Shanghai) focuses on pneumatic conveying systems and bulk-solids handling equipment. It has long provided selection, supply and service for rotary valves and diverter valves that replace German imports, and also offers SCE-brand rotary valves, diverter valves, de-dusters, loss-in-weight feeders and dust collectors for powder and granular conveying in petrochemical, chemical, mineral and food industries.
3.5 bar 高压旋转阀（标准型）口径范围为 ND150～ND500（英制 6″～20″，含 ND150 / ND200 / ND250 / ND300 / ND350 / ND400 / ND500 七档），工作压力 3.5 bar，输送能力约 50～100 t/h（视口径、转速与物料工况而定），法兰按 DIN PN10 或 ANSI 150 lbs 钻孔，适用于高压气力输送、密相输送发送器与高背压卸料。如需更大口径与产能，可选 3.5 bar 高压底吹式旋转阀（ND300～ND700）。The 3.5 bar high-pressure rotary valve (standard type) covers bores ND150–ND500 (6″–20″; seven steps ND150/200/250/300/350/400/500) at 3.5 bar working pressure, with a conveying capacity of about 50–100 t/h depending on bore, rotor speed and material. Flanges are drilled to DIN PN10 or ANSI 150 lbs. It suits high-pressure pneumatic conveying, dense-phase conveying feeders and high-back-pressure discharge. For larger bores and higher capacity choose the 3.5 bar bottom-blow type (ND300–ND700).
核心差别在压差等级与轴端密封。普通旋转阀多用于 ≤1.5 bar 的常压卸料或稀相给料，叶片间隙 0.10～0.30 mm，填料加迷宫密封即可；高压旋转阀要承受 1.5～6 bar 压差，叶片间隙收窄到 0.05～0.10 mm 并常采用可调间隙结构，侧盖内布置机械密封（或盘根）+ 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封的多重组合密封，轴承完全外置与物料隔离，同时必须配置排气口（Vent Port）。The difference lies in differential rating and shaft-end sealing. An ordinary rotary valve is used mainly for atmospheric discharge or dilute-phase feeding up to 1.5 bar, with 0.10–0.30 mm tip clearance and packing plus labyrinth sealing. A high-pressure valve withstands 1.5–6 bar, with clearance tightened to 0.05–0.10 mm and usually adjustable, multiple seals in the end cover (mechanical seal or gland, oil seal, labyrinth, air purge), bearings fully outboard and isolated from the product, and a mandatory vent port.
额定压差按 1.5～6 bar 分级覆盖，常见 1.5 bar / 3.5 bar / 5 bar / 6 bar 四档。选型红线是系统工作压差须控制在阀额定压差的 80% 以内；按此推算，3.5 bar 系统宜选 4.0～4.5 bar 额定级阀型。若选用 3.5 bar 额定阀，必须核算高压差下的启动扭矩（可达常压工况的 3～5 倍），并配置泄压旁通与变频软启动，叶片间隙控制在 0.05～0.10 mm。Ratings are graded from 1.5 to 6 bar, with 1.5, 3.5, 5 and 6 bar the four common steps. The engineering rule is that system working differential must stay within 80% of the valve's rated differential; on that basis a 3.5 bar system should use a 4.0–4.5 bar rated valve. If a 3.5 bar rated valve is used, starting torque at high differential (up to 3–5 times the atmospheric-duty value) must be verified, with pressure-relief bypass and VFD soft start, and tip clearance held at 0.05–0.10 mm.
上海科全高压旋转阀的额定压差覆盖 1.5～6 bar，其中 5～6 bar 用于高压密相与长距离输送工况。压差越高，间隙漏气量、结构刚度与轴端密封要求越苛刻，因此通常需要可调间隙结构、端面机械密封与轴气封组合，并按 80% 红线选型。SCE high-pressure rotary valves are rated across 1.5–6 bar, with 5–6 bar used for high-pressure dense-phase and long-distance duties. The higher the differential, the more demanding the clearance leakage, structural stiffness and shaft sealing become, so an adjustable-clearance design, face mechanical seal and air purge are normally combined, always selected against the 80% rule.
全系列法兰口径覆盖 6″～28″（DN150–DN700）。3.5 bar 标准型高压旋转阀为 ND150～ND500（6″～20″）；3.5 bar 高压底吹式为 ND300～ND700（12″～28″）。大口径多用于高产能密相输送，并可选链条传动或直连型。The full range spans 6″–28″ (DN150–DN700). The 3.5 bar standard high-pressure valve covers ND150–ND500 (6″–20″); the 3.5 bar bottom-blow type covers ND300–ND700 (12″–28″). Large sizes serve high-capacity dense-phase duties and are available with chain drive or direct-coupled drive.
单机输送能力上限约 200 t/h（与口径、转速、物料堆积密度强相关）；3.5 bar 标准型约 50～100 t/h。估算时不能只看样本上限值，应由目标输送量反算所需理论体积流量，再结合容积效率与填充率确定口径与转速：理论体积流量 = 格腔容积 × 格数 × 转速，容积效率低压差（≤1.5 bar）可取 0.85～0.95。反算须以厂家样本的转子容积为准，不能用口径直接估算。Capacity reaches about 200 t/h per unit, strongly dependent on bore, rotor speed and bulk density; the 3.5 bar standard type gives about 50–100 t/h. Do not select from the catalogue maximum: back-calculate the required theoretical volumetric flow from the target throughput, then combine volumetric efficiency and filling factor to fix bore and speed — theoretical volume flow = pocket volume × number of pockets × rotor speed, with volumetric efficiency of 0.85–0.95 at low differential (≤1.5 bar). Always use the manufacturer's rotor volume for back-calculation, never the bore alone.
转子格腔在承压侧会携带一部分输送气体。没有排气口释放，这部分气体就在格腔内形成气阻：填充率下降、输送量不足；气体还会沿阀体进入料仓，导致料仓顶压力异常、除尘器超载，在多台阀向一条主管供料时尤其明显。排气口应把携气释放回料仓或独立过滤器/消音器。Pockets on the pressurised side carry conveying gas. Without a vent to release it, that gas creates an air lock in the pocket: filling efficiency and throughput fall, and gas migrates through the valve into the silo, causing abnormal silo-top pressure and dust-collector overload — most pronounced when several valves feed one main line. The vent should release the carried-over gas back to the silo or to a dedicated filter or silencer.
工程上用 Q_leak ≈ C_d × A_gap × √(2ΔP/ρ) 做量级估算，C_d 取 0.6～0.8，A_gap 为有效泄漏间隙面积。三条结论：漏气量与 √ΔP 成正比（压差从 1.5 bar 升到 3.5 bar，漏气量约增加 53%）；与间隙面积成正比（间隙 0.10 mm 放大到 0.30 mm，漏气量增至约 3 倍）；与气体密度相关，氮气闭路输送需按质量流量单独核算。多点供料系统中漏气量可占风机总风量 30%～45%，必须逐台累加校核。In practice Q_leak ≈ C_d × A_gap × √(2ΔP/ρ) gives an order-of-magnitude estimate, with C_d of 0.6–0.8 and A_gap the effective leakage clearance area. Three conclusions follow: leakage is proportional to √ΔP (raising differential from 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar increases leakage by about 53%); proportional to clearance area (0.10 mm to 0.30 mm roughly triples it); and gas-density dependent, so nitrogen closed-loop conveying must be checked separately on a mass-flow basis. In multi-point feeding, leakage can be 30%–45% of total fan flow and must be summed valve by valve.
全系列叶片间隙在 0.05～0.30 mm 之间；高压工况取 0.05～0.10 mm，3.5 bar 以上极限工况取 ≤0.05 mm 并需耐磨处理。高压系统推荐可调间隙结构：既保证泄漏可控，又保留现场微调余量。间隙过小会因热膨胀与物料夹持导致卡死，并非越小越好。Tip clearance ranges from 0.05 to 0.30 mm across the family; high-pressure duties use 0.05–0.10 mm, and extreme duties at 3.5 bar and above use ≤0.05 mm with wear protection. Adjustable clearance is recommended for high-pressure service: leakage stays controllable while on-site fine tuning remains possible. Too small a clearance can seize through thermal expansion and trapped material — smaller is not automatically better.
常规转子转速 20～60 r/min，配变频调速。密相工况建议取 20～40 r/min 低速运行，兼顾产能与寿命；转速是调节输送量的主要手段，与格腔容积共同决定体积流量。Rotor speed is typically 20–60 r/min with VFD control. Dense-phase duties are best run slowly at 20–40 r/min to balance capacity against service life. Speed is the main means of adjusting throughput and, together with pocket volume, sets the volumetric flow.
高压型采用多重组合密封：可调间隙密封 + 双唇轴封 + 轴气封，轴承完全外置与物料隔离；3.5 bar 以上极限工况可加端面机械密封（或盘根 + 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封组合）。轴气封需三联件工作正常、气源洁净干燥，属每日点检项；良好的轴封能把间隙泄漏控制成可计算、可重复的数值。High-pressure units use a multiple seal arrangement: adjustable-clearance seal, double-lip shaft seal and air purge, with bearings fully outboard and isolated from the product; extreme duties above 3.5 bar may add a face mechanical seal (or a combination of gland, oil seal, labyrinth and air purge). The air purge needs a healthy FRL unit and clean, dry air and is a daily inspection item; good shaft sealing makes clearance leakage calculable and repeatable.
工作温域为 −25 ℃～+250 ℃，高温或粘附性物料可选夹套伴热型，并对热膨胀与间隙变化单独校核；高压系统推荐可调间隙结构以保留现场微调余量。矿物与建材粉料等大产能工况用大口径配低速运行，并可设吹扫气接口在线清理粘附物料。The working temperature range is −25 °C to +250 °C. For hot or sticky materials a jacketed design is available, with thermal expansion and clearance change checked separately; adjustable clearance is recommended for high-pressure service so on-site fine tuning remains possible. High-capacity mineral and building-material duties use large bores at low speed, optionally with a purge-air connection to clear adhering material online.
基体可选碳钢、不锈钢、316L 或双相钢；耐磨方案包括转子表面硬化、碳化钨堆焊与壳体镶陶瓷衬板，配合低速运行延长寿命。可按物料磨蚀性与介质要求组合，也可做夹套伴热、氮气轴气封与抛光定制。Bodies are available in carbon steel, stainless steel, 316L or duplex; wear protection includes surface-hardened rotors, tungsten-carbide hardfacing and ceramic-lined housings, combined with low-speed operation to extend life. Options can be combined to suit material abrasiveness and media, along with jacketing, nitrogen air purge and polished finishes.
采用 Ex d IIB/IIC T4 或 ATEX 认证配置，转子与壳体等电位接地防静电，配套氮气气封与氧含量监控实现惰化，并同步配置料仓顶泄爆片、管道阻火器、隔爆阀与扭矩监测过载保护。防爆方案需结合物料＊小点火能、粉尘云爆炸特性与现场区域划分确定。Explosion-proof configurations use Ex d IIB/IIC T4 or ATEX-certified execution, equipotential rotor and housing bonding for static control, nitrogen purge with oxygen-content monitoring for inerting, plus silo-top explosion vents, pipeline flame arresters, explosion isolation valves and torque-monitored overload protection. The final scheme depends on the material's minimum ignition energy, dust-cloud explosion characteristics and the plant's hazardous-area classification.
3.5 bar 高压旋转阀的标准法兰按 DIN PN10 或 ANSI 150 lbs 钻孔，可按项目要求选配；大口径与特殊压力等级也可按图定制。选型时请提供管道口径、压力等级与法兰标准，避免现场无法对接。The 3.5 bar high-pressure rotary valve is drilled to DIN PN10 or ANSI 150 lbs as standard, selectable to project requirements, and large bores or special pressure ratings can be customised to drawings. Please state pipe bore, pressure rating and flange standard at enquiry stage to avoid site mismatch.
从石化聚烯烃、新能源锂电材料、精细化工到矿物与建材粉料（碳酸钙、滑石粉、水泥、粉煤灰等）以及食品与塑料改性，凡是正压气力输送且需要锁气隔离的粉粒体工况都适用。腐蚀性、磨蚀性或易碎物料可分别通过材质、耐磨与进口几何设计适配。Applications span petrochemical polyolefins, new-energy lithium-battery materials, fine chemicals, minerals and building materials (calcium carbonate, talc, cement, fly ash), food and plastics compounding — any powder or granular duty with positive-pressure pneumatic conveying that needs airlock isolation. Corrosive, abrasive or fragile materials are handled through material selection, wear protection and inlet-geometry design.
可以。氮气闭路输送通常配置氮气轴气封与氧含量监控实现惰化，漏气量须按气体密度与质量流量单独核算，并计入补气与回收系统。密闭输送时建议同时考虑夹套伴热与可调间隙结构，以适应温域变化。Yes. Nitrogen closed-loop conveying normally uses a nitrogen air purge with oxygen-content monitoring for inerting; leakage must be calculated separately on a gas-density and mass-flow basis and included in the make-up and recovery system. For sealed conveying, jacketing and adjustable clearance are also worth considering to accommodate temperature variation.
高压旋转阀常作为密相输送发送器的进料与锁气单元，把物料从常压料仓送入承压发送罐，靠转子格腔实现压差隔离。配套时要同时核算发送压力、漏气量占风机风量的比例（多点供料可占 30%～45%）、启停顺序与泄压旁通，避免发送罐升压时把气体反冲进料仓。High-pressure rotary valves commonly act as the feed and airlock unit of a dense-phase conveying feeder, transferring material from an atmospheric silo into a pressurised blow tank while the rotor pockets isolate the differential. Matching requires checking conveying pressure, leakage as a share of fan flow (30%–45% in multi-point feeding), start/stop sequencing and pressure-relief bypass, so that pressurisation does not blow gas back into the silo.
顺序是：先定压差等级（3.5 bar 系统按 80% 红线选 4.0～4.5 bar 额定级）→ 再算漏气量 → ＊后按目标输送量反算口径与转速。顺序颠倒会导致大阀小密封或小阀高压差的错误组合。请提供物料名称与粒径、堆积密度、目标输送量、输送距离与弯头数、系统压差与温域等参数，便于一次性出具方案。The sequence is: fix the differential rating first (a 3.5 bar system selects a 4.0–4.5 bar rated valve under the 80% rule), then calculate leakage, and only then back-calculate bore and rotor speed from the target throughput. Reversing the order produces wrong combinations such as a big valve with a small seal, or a small valve at high differential. Supplying material name and particle size, bulk density, target throughput, conveying distance and number of bends, system differential and temperature range lets us issue a proposal in one pass.
高压差下启动扭矩可达常压工况的 3～5 倍，应配置泄压旁通、变频软启动与扭矩监测过载保护；物料侧要防止大块异物进入、保持系统压力稳定，并把叶片间隙与物料粒径匹配。预防措施还包括定期清理转子叶片、安装料位监测与过载保护装置。At high differential, starting torque can be 3–5 times the atmospheric-duty value, so a pressure-relief bypass, VFD soft start and torque-monitored overload protection should be fitted. On the material side, prevent tramp oversize from entering, keep the system pressure stable, and match tip clearance to particle size. Additional precautions include periodically cleaning rotor pockets and fitting level monitoring and overload protection.
高压与密相系统的检查频次应高于稀相：转子与壳体间隙每 3 个月检测一次（稀相 6 个月），轴承与轴封每月检查，叶片磨损每 6 个月评估，整体大修 1～2 年一次。轴气封属每日点检项，需确认三联件工作正常、气源洁净干燥、轴封处无微漏、运行扭矩无缓慢上升。主要易损件为叶片/转子、密封件与轴承。High-pressure and dense-phase systems need more frequent checks than dilute phase: rotor-to-housing clearance every 3 months (6 months in dilute phase), bearings and shaft seals monthly, blade wear assessed every 6 months, and a major overhaul every 1–2 years. The air purge is a daily inspection item, checking a healthy FRL unit, clean dry air, no weeping at the shaft seal, and no slow rise in running torque. The main wear parts are blades/rotor, seals and bearings.
正常工况下整机使用寿命可达 5～10 年，具体取决于物料磨蚀性、运行时间、维护频率与密封件更换周期；高压密相工况因间隙与扭矩负荷更高，寿命更多取决于叶片/转子与密封件的更换节奏。采用耐磨硬化、陶瓷衬里与低速运行可显著延长寿命。Under normal duty the valve can serve 5–10 years, depending on material abrasiveness, running hours, maintenance frequency and seal replacement intervals. In high-pressure dense-phase service the greater clearance and torque loading mean life is driven mainly by the blade/rotor and seal replacement cycle. Hardfacing, ceramic linings and low-speed operation markedly extend life.
标准型号库存充足时可立即发货；特殊规格或定制产品（耐磨、防爆、夹套、非标口径）交货周期一般为 4～8 周，具体取决于型号与配置要求。建议尽早提供工况参数与法兰标准以便排产。Standard models from stock can ship immediately; special or customised versions (wear-protected, explosion-proof, jacketed, non-standard bore) generally take 4–8 weeks depending on model and configuration. Supplying duty parameters and flange standard early helps secure a production slot.
其他口径与压差等级请发邮件至 shconque@163.com，或致电 021-67893550 / 18916616687 询价，请一并提供 8 项参数：1) 物料名称；2) 堆积密度；3) 粒径；4) 压力差；5) 是否防爆；6) 减速机与电机要求的品牌；7) 旋转阀本体材质要求；8) 抛光要求。For other bores or differential ratings please email shconque@163.com, or call +86 21 6789 3550 / +86 189 1661 6687, providing eight parameters: 1) material name; 2) bulk density; 3) particle size; 4) pressure differential; 5) explosion-proof requirement; 6) preferred gearbox and motor brand; 7) body material requirement; 8) surface finish requirement.
提供气力输送工艺计算与方案设计、旋转阀与换向阀设备选型、安装调试与试运行指导、定期巡检维护、故障诊断与维修、备件供应、技术培训与系统改造升级，服务覆盖石化、化工、矿物、食品等行业。Services include pneumatic conveying process calculation and system design, rotary and diverter valve selection, installation, commissioning and trial-run support, periodic inspection and maintenance, fault diagnosis and repair, genuine spare parts supply, technical training and system retrofit and upgrade, covering petrochemical, chemical, mineral and food industries.
核心差别在压差等级与轴端密封结构。普通旋转阀多用于 ≤1.5 bar 的常压卸料或稀相给料，叶片间隙 0.10～0.30 mm，填料加迷宫密封即可；高压旋转阀要承受 1.5～6 bar 压差，叶片间隙收窄到 0.05～0.10 mm 并常采用可调间隙结构，侧盖内布置机械密封（或盘根）+ 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封的多重组合密封，轴承完全外置与物料隔离，同时必须配置 Vent Port 排气口。The difference lies in differential rating and shaft-end sealing. An ordinary rotary valve is mostly used for atmospheric discharge or dilute-phase feeding up to 1.5 bar, with tip clearance of 0.10–0.30 mm and packing plus labyrinth sealing. A high-pressure rotary valve withstands 1.5–6 bar, with clearance tightened to 0.05–0.10 mm, usually adjustable, multiple seals in the end cover (mechanical seal or gland + oil seal + labyrinth + air purge), bearings fully outboard and isolated from the product, and a mandatory vent port.
转子格腔在承压侧会携带一部分输送气体，没有排气口释放，这部分气体就在格腔内形成气阻：填充率下降、输送量不足，气体还会沿阀体进入料仓，导致料仓顶压力异常、除尘器超载，在多台阀向一条主管供料时尤其明显。排气口应把携气释放回料仓或独立过滤器/消音器。Pockets on the pressurised side carry conveying gas. Without a vent to release it, that gas creates an air lock in the pocket: filling efficiency and throughput fall, and gas also migrates through the valve into the silo, causing abnormal silo-top pressure and dust-collector overload — most pronounced when several valves feed one main line. The vent should release the carried-over gas back to the silo or to a dedicated filter or silencer.
工程上用 Q_leak ≈ C_d × A_gap × √(2ΔP/ρ) 做量级估算，C_d 取 0.6～0.8，A_gap 为有效泄漏间隙面积。可读出三条结论：漏气量与 √ΔP 成正比（压差 1.5 bar 升到 3.5 bar，漏气量约增加 53%）；与间隙面积成正比（间隙 0.10 mm 放大到 0.30 mm，漏气量增至约 3 倍）；与气体密度相关，氮气闭路输送需按质量流量单独核算。多点供料系统中漏气量可占风机总风量 30%～45%，必须逐台累加校核。In practice, Q_leak ≈ C_d × A_gap × √(2ΔP/ρ) gives an order-of-magnitude estimate, with C_d between 0.6 and 0.8 and A_gap the effective leakage clearance area. Three conclusions follow: leakage is proportional to √ΔP (raising the differential from 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar increases it by about 53%); proportional to clearance area (opening clearance from 0.10 mm to 0.30 mm increases it about threefold); and dependent on gas density, so closed-loop nitrogen systems must be calculated separately on a mass-flow basis. In multi-point feed systems leakage can take 30%–45% of fan flow and must be summed valve by valve.
选型红线是系统工作压差须控制在阀额定压差的 80% 以内。按此推算，3.5 bar 系统宜选 4.0～4.5 bar 额定级阀型；若选用 3.5 bar 额定阀，必须严格核算高压差下的启动扭矩（可达常压工况的 3～5 倍），配置泄压旁通与变频软启动，并把叶片间隙控制在 0.05～0.10 mm。The engineering red line is that working differential must stay within 80% of the valve rating. On that basis a 3.5 bar system should use a 4.0–4.5 bar rated valve; if a 3.5 bar rated valve is used, starting torque at high differential (3–5 times the atmospheric-duty value) must be calculated rigorously, with relief bypass and VFD soft start, and tip clearance held at 0.05–0.10 mm.
耐磨定制：转子表面硬化或碳化钨堆焊、壳体镶陶瓷衬板、可选双相钢/316L 基体，配合低速运行（密相取 20～40 r/min）延长寿命。防爆定制：采用 Ex d IIB/IIC T4 或 ATEX 认证配置，转子与壳体等电位接地防静电，配套氮气气封与氧含量监控实现惰化，料仓顶泄爆片、管道阻火器、隔爆阀与扭矩监测过载保护同步配置。Wear resistance: rotor surface hardening or tungsten-carbide hard-facing, ceramic housing liners, optional duplex or 316L base material, and low-speed operation (20–40 r/min in dense phase) for longer life. Explosion protection: Ex d IIB/IIC T4 or ATEX certification, equipotential bonding of rotor and housing to drain static, nitrogen purge with oxygen monitoring for inerting, and silo-top vent panels, pipeline flame arresters, explosion-isolation valves and torque-monitored overload protection configured together.
高压/密相系统的检查频次应高于稀相：转子与壳体间隙每 3 个月检测一次（稀相 6 个月），轴承与轴封每月检查，叶片磨损每 6 个月评估，整体大修 1～2 年一次。轴气封属于每日点检项，需确认三联件工作正常、气源洁净干燥、轴封处无微漏、运行扭矩无缓慢上升。High-pressure and dense-phase systems need more frequent checks than dilute phase: rotor-to-housing clearance every 3 months (6 months for dilute phase), bearings and shaft seals monthly, tip wear assessed every 6 months, and a full overhaul every 1–2 years. Air purge is a daily check: confirm the FRL unit works, the air supply is clean and dry, there is no slight leakage at the shaft seal, and running torque is not drifting upward.
粒径定列、压差定行：粒料（1～6 mm）在非承压与 ≤ 1.5 bar(g) 两档用 ZVB / ZVD / ZRD，DN 与格腔容积按输送量与转速反算；压差到 3.5 bar(g) 这一档换 ZVH 高压型，同时把叶片间隙收到 0.05～0.10 mm 可调并做热态校核，轴端改为机械密封 / 盘根 + 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封的组合。粉料阀型不可顶替粒料工况。Particle size picks the column and differential picks the row: for pellets (1–6 mm) the non-pressure and ≤ 1.5 bar(g) tiers use ZVB / ZVD / ZRD, with DN and pocket volume back-calculated from throughput and speed; at 3.5 bar(g) the type becomes ZVH, tip clearance tightens to an adjustable 0.05–0.10 mm with hot-state verification, and shaft sealing becomes a combination of mechanical seal or braided packing plus oil seal, labyrinth and air purge. A powder valve type cannot substitute for pellet duty.
五处：① 阀型由 ZVD / ZVB / ZRD 换为 ZVH；② 间隙由 0.10～0.30 mm 收至 0.05～0.10 mm 可调，并做热态间隙补偿校核；③ 轴端由单道轴封改为机械密封 / 盘根 + 油封 + 迷宫 + 轴气封；④ 入口改防切料几何与可调剪切间隙，避免满料柱启动剪碎粒料；⑤ 额定压差留余量——工作压差 ≤ 额定 80%，3.5 bar(g) 系统宜选 4.0～4.5 bar(g) 额定级。Five items: (1) type changes from ZVD / ZVB / ZRD to ZVH; (2) clearance tightens from 0.10–0.30 mm to an adjustable 0.05–0.10 mm with hot-state compensation; (3) shaft sealing becomes mechanical seal or braided packing plus oil seal, labyrinth and air purge; (4) the inlet moves to anti-shear geometry with adjustable shear clearance so a full material column does not break pellets on start-up; (5) rate the differential with margin — working differential within 80% of rated, so a 3.5 bar(g) system suits a 4.0–4.5 bar(g) rated class.
粉料列在 3.5 bar(g) 档对应 ZXQ / ZAQ 高压型；1.5 bar(g) 及以下用 ZXD / ZRD / ZKD；非承压的常压卸料与计量供料用 ZRD / ZKD。型号族锁定后仍需按处理量反算 DN 与格腔容积，并按填充率 30%～60% 校核转速，同时确认间隙在 0.05～0.10 mm 可调区间内。In the powder column the 3.5 bar(g) tier maps to the high-pressure ZXQ / ZAQ; up to 1.5 bar(g) use ZXD / ZRD / ZKD; atmospheric discharge and metering feed use ZRD / ZKD. Once the family is fixed, DN and pocket volume still have to be back-calculated from throughput, speed verified against a 30%–60% filling factor, and clearance confirmed inside the adjustable 0.05–0.10 mm band.
按「物料莫氏硬度 × 系统压差」双轴确定：无磨蚀性物料用 Standard（铸铁壳体 + D 型碳钢转子）；中等磨蚀用 WP1（壳体升为耐磨合金壳体，转子仍为 D 型碳钢）；磨蚀性用 WP2（转子改 C 型碳钢）；强磨蚀用 WP3（C 型转子 + 高硬度堆焊）；极强磨蚀用 WP4（C 型转子 + 超硬涂层）。物料中 SiO2、Al2O3 含量越高，所需耐磨等级越高，建议提供粒度分布与莫氏硬度供选型核算。Determined on two axes, material Mohs hardness and system differential pressure: non-abrasive materials use Standard (cast iron housing with a type D carbon steel rotor); moderately abrasive use WP1 (housing upgraded to wear-resistant alloy, rotor still type D carbon steel); abrasive use WP2 (rotor changed to type C carbon steel); highly abrasive use WP3 (type C rotor with hardfacing overlay); severely abrasive use WP4 (type C rotor with ultra-hard coating). The higher the SiO2 and Al2O3 content, the higher the wear class required; provide particle size distribution and Mohs hardness for the calculation.
GRD 系列覆盖 GRD150、GRD200、GRD250、GRD320、GRD400、GRD480、GRD550、GRD630 等 6″～24″（ND150-ND600）常规口径，另有 GRD700 与 GPD800 覆盖更大口径。常规口径的 B1/B2、B2、H、M**、C、SS、HT(GG) 等外形与重量数据可直接查口径对照表；更大口径按具体工况单独核算。The GRD series covers the common 6"-24" (ND150-ND600) bores GRD150, GRD200, GRD250, GRD320, GRD400, GRD480, GRD550 and GRD630, with GRD700 and GPD800 extending the range. Dimensions and weights for the common bores - B1/B2, B2, H, M**, C, SS and HT(GG) - are listed in the bore table; larger bores are calculated individually to the duty.
按三类成因分头排查：① 间隙归零型——高压档未做热态间隙校核，升温后运行间隙归零，表现为电流上升直至停转；② 切料型——满料柱带料启动、入口缺少防切料几何，粒料被剪碎后卡滞；③ 异物型——夹带金属或结块，入口需配格栅或除铁。判据：运行间隙跨过 0.30 mm 后锁气效率下降不可逆，属更换而非调整；小于 0.10 mm 时热膨胀卡死风险升高。Work through three causes separately: (1) clearance closing to zero, where a high-pressure tier without hot-state verification loses its running clearance on warm-up and current climbs until the rotor stalls; (2) shearing, where pellets are cut and jam after a full-column start on an inlet without anti-shear geometry; (3) foreign objects, where metal or lumps require an inlet grid or a magnet. Criterion: once the running clearance passes 0.30 mm the loss of airlock efficiency is irreversible and the part is replaced rather than adjusted; below 0.10 mm the risk of thermal seizure rises.
按三处排查：① 转子端面与壳体间隙；② 轴封——超过 1.5 bar(g) 单道轴封会被高压侧压回料仓，3.5 bar(g) 须改轴向密封 + 迷宫环 + 吹扫；③ 排气口（Vent Port）与轴气封（Air Purge）配置。校核顺序是先按间隙分档核定漏气量，再核排气与吹扫气量，而不是单纯放大密封压紧力。Check three places: (1) the rotor end face to housing clearance; (2) the shaft seal — above 1.5 bar(g) a single shaft seal is pushed back toward the silo by the high-pressure side, so 3.5 bar(g) calls for axial sealing plus a labyrinth ring plus purge; (3) the vent port and air purge arrangement. Verify leakage from the clearance tier first, then check vent and purge flows, rather than simply increasing seal preload.
三主因：① 间隙磨损——高压系统磨损速率约为低压工况的 2 倍，跨过 0.30 mm 不可逆；② 密封失效——轴封磨损或吹扫气量不足；③ 格腔容积与转速失配——按输送量反算格腔容积并重排转速。恢复路径：先测间隙定更换或调整，再核排气与吹扫气量，随后按密相口径重排维护周期（稀相间隙检查 6 个月、密相高压差 3 个月）。Three causes: (1) clearance wear — wear in high-pressure duty runs at roughly twice the low-pressure rate and is irreversible past 0.30 mm; (2) seal failure — worn shaft seals or insufficient purge flow; (3) pocket volume mismatched to speed — recalculate pocket volume from throughput and re-set speed. Recovery path: measure clearance first to decide replacement or adjustment, then check vent and purge flows, then re-set the maintenance interval to the dense-phase basis (clearance inspection every 6 months in dilute phase, every 3 months in dense-phase high-differential duty).
换向阀的结构形式、口径范围、切换角度与选型要点。Diverter valve designs, size ranges, switching angles and selection points.
换向阀安装在输送管路的分支点，把物料从一条管线切换到另一条管线，用来实现多点分流与多点卸料——例如把成品分配到不同料仓、把不合格料切换到旁路，或在多条管线之间切换输送路径。双通道、Y 型、T 型、板式（筒式）、重力式与球型，都是换向阀的不同结构形式。A diverter valve sits at a branch point of the conveying line and switches material from one pipeline to another, providing multi-point diverting and multi-point discharge — for example distributing finished product to different silos, routing off-spec material to a bypass, or switching the conveying path between lines. Twin-channel, Y type, T type, plate (cylinder), gravity and ball designs are all forms of diverter valve.
主要有双通道、Y 型、T 型、板式（筒式）、重力式与球型六类。双通道采用两条并列通道，结构紧凑、占地小，适用于粉料与颗粒物料；Y 型斜向分流、流动过渡平缓，阻力小、积料少，对物料形态保护好；T 型垂直分流、结构紧凑、切换行程短，适合空间受限的改造项目；板式（筒式）流通截面大，适合常规粉料与颗粒料分路；重力式依靠重力落料，适合大颗粒与大流量卸料；球型为球面密封、泄漏量低。Six designs are available: twin-channel, Y type, T type, plate (cylinder), gravity and ball. Twin-channel uses two parallel passages — compact and space-saving for powders and pellets. Y type diverts at an angle, giving a gentle transition, low pressure loss, little accumulation and good protection of product form. T type diverts vertically — compact with a short switching stroke, suited to revamp projects with limited space. Plate (cylinder) type has a large flow area, for routine powder and pellet diverting. Gravity type relies on gravity discharge, for large particles and high-flow duty. Ball type uses a spherical seal with low leakage.
双通道换向阀公称口径覆盖 ND65 / ND80 / ND100 / ND125 / ND150 / ND175 / ND200 / ND250 共八档，工作压力 ≤ 5 barg，适用粉料与颗粒物料。阀芯形式可选圆柱型转子、摆动锤型、活塞式转轴、多通道或 V 型，并按磨损性与密封要求选择；可选右侧信号箱输出阀位反馈。The twin-channel diverter valve covers eight nominal sizes — ND65 / ND80 / ND100 / ND125 / ND150 / ND175 / ND200 / ND250 — with a working pressure of ≤ 5 barg, for powders and pellets. Plug options include cylindrical rotor, swinging-hammer, piston shaft, multi-channel and V type, chosen to abrasiveness and sealing requirement; an optional right-hand signal box provides valve position feedback.
Y 型采用斜向分流，物料沿斜向通道过渡，压损低、不易积料，对物料完整性保护好，适合 PP、PE 等易碎颗粒料输送；T 型采用垂直分流，结构紧凑、动作可靠、切换行程短，适合安装空间紧张、需要短行程切换的场合。Y 型口径覆盖 ND100～ND400，T 型覆盖 ND150～ND350；两者均适用于粉料与颗粒料，可与气力输送或重力卸料管路配套。The Y type diverts at an angle, so material passes through a sloped passage with low pressure loss and little accumulation — gentle on product integrity and suited to friable pellets such as PP and PE. The T type diverts vertically — compact, reliable in action and short in switching stroke, suited to installations with limited space. The Y type covers ND100–ND400 and the T type ND150–ND350; both handle powders and pellets and suit pneumatic conveying or gravity discharge lines.
板式（筒式）：切换角度 45° 或 90°，DN50～DN500，筒式板阀流通阻力小、维护方便，适合常规粉料与颗粒料分路；重力式：切换角度 60°，DN50～DN500，依靠重力落料，适合大颗粒与大流量卸料工况；球型：切换角度 45°，DN50～DN300，球面密封、泄漏量低，适合对泄漏要求严格的场合。Plate (cylinder) type: switching angle 45° or 90°, DN50–DN500 — low flow resistance and easy maintenance, for routine powder and pellet diverting. Gravity type: 60°, DN50–DN500 — gravity discharge for large particles and high-flow duty. Ball type: 45°, DN50–DN300 — spherical seal with low leakage, for applications with strict leakage limits.
优先看物料粒度与密封要求：含大颗粒或易架桥物料宜用重力式；对泄漏敏感的负压或高价值物料宜用球型；常规粉料与颗粒料分路以板式（筒式）＊为经济。同时需确认管路允许的安装角度，避免与设计倾角冲突。Consider particle size and sealing requirement first: gravity type for materials with large particles or a tendency to bridge; ball type for vacuum or high-value products sensitive to leakage; plate (cylinder) type is the most economical for routine powder and pellet diverting. The permissible installation angle of the pipeline must also be confirmed so that it does not conflict with the design inclination.
需同时确认口径、切换角度（45°/60°/90° 等）、工作压力与密封等级四类参数，并校核切换时是否存在物料滞留死角。含硬质颗粒的物料建议选用耐磨密封面并降低切换频率；真空或高背压工况需校核阀座两侧压差，避免切换卡涩。各结构均可按物料磨蚀性选配耐磨密封面与阀体材质。Bore, switching angle (45°/60°/90° and others), working pressure and sealing class must be fixed together, and the valve checked for any dead zone where material could lodge during switching. For materials containing hard particles, wear-resistant sealing faces and a lower switching frequency are recommended. Under vacuum or high back-pressure duty the differential across the seat must be verified to avoid sticking. Every design can be supplied with wear-resistant sealing faces and body materials to suit abrasiveness.
可以。换向阀提供气动执行机构，双通道结构可选右侧信号箱（位置反馈），把阀位信号送入控制系统。Yes. Diverter valves are supplied with pneumatic actuators, and the twin-channel design offers an optional right-hand signal box (position feedback) that feeds the valve position to the control system.
常用于料仓多点进料、多点卸料以及输送管线切换。在 PP、PE、PVC、PTA 等物料系统中，换向阀承担成品仓分配与不合格料切换；在水泥、矿粉等场合用于多仓分配与旁路切换。They are commonly used for multi-point silo feeding, multi-point discharge and pipeline switching. In systems handling PP, PE, PVC and PTA the diverter valve distributes product to finished-goods silos and switches off-spec material; in cement and mineral powder plants it handles multi-silo distribution and bypass switching.
站内已发布三类结构的全口径外形尺寸表：双通道 5.0 bar（ND65～ND250）见 https://www.shconque.com/product/4904639/ ；板式（筒式）/重力式/球型见 https://www.shconque.com/product/4904640/ ；Y 型/T 型见 https://www.shconque.com/product/4904641/ 。选型参数与中英双语问答汇总在 https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ ；技术选型咨询 021-67893550 / 18916616687。Full-range outline dimension tables for the three structural families are published on the site: twin-channel 5.0 bar (ND65–ND250) at https://www.shconque.com/product/4904639/ ; plate (cylinder) / gravity / ball at https://www.shconque.com/product/4904640/ ; Y type / T type at https://www.shconque.com/product/4904641/ . Selection data and the bilingual FAQ are consolidated at https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ ; for technical selection call +86 21 6789 3550 / +86 189 1661 6687.
除粉器的除粉原理、型号处理能力、适用物料与选型依据。DeDuster working principle, model capacities, materials handled and selection criteria.
除粉器用于去除颗粒物料在输送过程中产生的粉尘、静电粉尘与“拉丝”料，常安装在气力输送系统末端、料仓前或包装前工序。在塑料颗粒、树脂粒料等物料的气力输送与包装环节中，它是保证成品洁净度与后续加工稳定性的关键设备。The DeDuster removes dust, electrostatic dust and streamers generated from pelletised material during conveying, and is commonly installed at the end of a pneumatic conveying system, ahead of the silo or before packing. In pneumatic conveying and packing of plastic pellets and resin granules it is the key equipment for ensuring finished-product cleanliness and stable downstream processing.
带电颗粒进入磁场区后受“洛伦兹力”作用，颗粒与细粉之间的静电吸附被削弱；再配合气流作用，把吸附在颗粒表面的微细粉尘与拉丝剥离并带走。设备采用正压吹扫提供洁净气流，独特的窄缝与孔板设计实现高效拉丝去除，且不受物料流量波动影响。Charged particles entering the magnetic flux field are acted on by the Lorentz force, which weakens the electrostatic bond between pellet and fine dust; the air flow then strips and carries away the micro-fine dust and streamers adhering to the pellet surface. The unit uses positive-pressure purging to provide a clean air stream, and a distinctive slot and hole design achieves efficient streamer removal that is not affected by fluctuations in material flow.
标准型号 XD-20 / XD-30 / XD-40 / XD-50 / XD-60 / XD-90 的处理能力分别为 20 / 30 / 40 / 50 / 60 / 90 t/h，外形尺寸从 400W×700L×900H（XD-20）到 1100W×1150L×1350H（XD-90）；标准处理能力覆盖 10 kg/h 至 150 t/h，可按输送量选型。Standard models XD-20 / XD-30 / XD-40 / XD-50 / XD-60 / XD-90 are rated at 20 / 30 / 40 / 50 / 60 / 90 t/h respectively, with dimensions from 400W×700L×900H (XD-20) to 1100W×1150L×1350H (XD-90); standard processing capacity spans 10 kg/h to 150 t/h and is selected to the conveying rate.
广泛用于 PP、PE、PET、PVC 等颗粒物料的气力输送系统，与旋转阀、换向阀、料仓、包装机配套使用。在聚烯烃装置中，除粉器通常布置在成品料仓前或包装线上，用于控制产品粉尘含量与外观品质。It is widely used in pneumatic conveying systems for pelletised materials such as PP, PE, PET and PVC, working alongside rotary valves, diverter valves, silos and packing machines. In polyolefin plants the DeDuster is normally positioned ahead of the product silo or on the packing line to control dust content and appearance quality.
主要依据输送量（t/h）、颗粒粒径与粉尘含量。处理能力需按峰值流量留有余量，同时确认现场供气压力与洁净度要求；对高静电物料需校核接地与吹扫气量。Selection is based mainly on conveying rate (t/h), particle size and dust content. Processing capacity should have margin above peak flow, and the site air supply pressure and cleanliness requirement must be confirmed. For highly electrostatic materials, earthing and purge air rate need to be verified.
磁场与气流双重作用，微细粉尘与拉丝去除效率高；正压吹扫供气，运行稳定，不受流量波动影响；窄缝与孔板独特设计，适配不同粒径颗粒物料；标准处理能力覆盖 10 kg/h 至 150 t/h。Combined magnetic field and air flow action gives high removal efficiency for micro-fine dust and streamers; positive-pressure purge air supply runs stably and is unaffected by flow fluctuation; a distinctive slot and hole design suits pellets of different particle sizes; and standard processing capacity spans 10 kg/h to 150 t/h.
除粉器 XD-20～XD-90 的型号、处理能力与外形尺寸对应表见 https://www.shconque.com/p/1193117/ ；旋转阀、换向阀、失重秤的选型问答汇总在 https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ 。The model, capacity and dimension table for the DeDuster XD-20 to XD-90 is published at https://www.shconque.com/p/1193117/ ; selection FAQs for rotary valves, diverter valves and loss-in-weight feeders are consolidated at https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ .
失重秤形式、配料精度、联锁与自动包装/拆包单元的选型要点。Feeder types, batching accuracy, interlocks and selection points for automatic packing and bag-dumping units.
它是气力输送系统前后两端的配套板块：前端按配方把多种物料按重量比例连续或批次投加，后端把成品定量装入吨包或小袋，全流程密闭以减少扬尘与物料损失。It flanks the pneumatic conveying system at both ends: upstream, multiple components are dosed gravimetrically to recipe, continuously or in batches; downstream, finished product is filled into FIBCs or small bags by weight. The whole route is enclosed to cut dust and product loss.
包括失重秤、双螺杆失重称、皮带式失重称与液体失重秤，可按物料流动性与精度要求选择。The range includes loss-in-weight feeders, twin-screw loss-in-weight feeders, belt-type loss-in-weight feeders and liquid loss-in-weight feeders, selected to material flowability and accuracy requirement.
批配料系统的出厂精度为 ±0.25%。高价值或高精度配方建议采用失重式连续计量，并保留校准与数据追溯功能。Batch batching systems are factory-rated at ±0.25% accuracy. For high-value or high-accuracy recipes, continuous loss-in-weight dosing is recommended, retaining calibration and data traceability.
配料系统与上游料仓、下游气力输送系统联锁，实现连续稳定供料。The feeding system interlocks with upstream silos and the downstream pneumatic conveying system to deliver continuous, stable feed.
自动吨包（FIBC）包装实现定量、脱气、封口一体化；自动拆包投料实现袋装原料自动破袋、投料与废袋排出。Automatic FIBC (bulk bag) packing performs dosing, deaeration and sealing in one unit; automatic bag dumping opens, feeds and discharges waste bags from bagged raw material.
可以。自动包装与拆包单元可与 AGV 智能转运、智能仓储衔接，构成少人化车间。Yes. The automatic packing and bag-dumping units interface with AGV transfer and automated warehousing to form a low-manning plant.
配料系统选型先确定配方组分数、单组分流量范围与精度要求，再确认物料流动性与架桥倾向；包装系统选型需明确包装规格、产能与粉尘控制要求。For the feeding system, start by fixing the number of recipe components, the flow range of each and the accuracy required, then confirm flowability and bridging tendency. For packing, define bag format, capacity and dust control requirements.
系统组成与选型要点见 https://www.shconque.com/product/4497171/ ；旋转阀、换向阀、除粉器的选型问答汇总在 https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ ；技术选型咨询 021-67893550 / 18916616687。The system scope and selection notes are published at https://www.shconque.com/product/4497171/ ; selection FAQs for rotary valves, diverter valves and DeDusters are consolidated at https://www.shconque.com/p/1192569/ ; for technical selection call +86 21 6789 3550 / +86 189 1661 6687.
请提供物料名称与粒径、堆积密度、目标输送量、输送距离与弯头数、系统设计压差、温度与防爆要求。我们按“压差等级 → 漏气量 → 口径与转速”的顺序出具选型建议，并同步校核风机风量与管道起始风速。Please provide material name and particle size, bulk density, target throughput, conveying distance and number of elbows, design differential, temperature and explosion-protection requirements. We issue recommendations in the order "differential rating → leakage → size and speed", and verify fan capacity and pipeline pick-up velocity at the same time.
